Document Type : Research Paper

Author

• shadi nafisi

Abstract

Verse 157 of Surah al-Nisa is the only verse in the Qur'an that refers to the crucifixion of Jesus (PBUH), a topic that is a cornerstone of Christian belief with significant theological implications. According to the widely accepted interpretation of this verse, Jesus (PBUH) was never crucified; instead, a substitute bore this painful torment. In recent decades, an alternative interpretation of this verse has been proposed, suggesting that the verse does not deny the crucifixion but rather criticizes the Jews for believing they could oppose a divine messenger. This article critically analyzes this interpretation using a descriptive-analytical method to examine the Quranic and narrative evidence supporting the popular view. It first presents the historical development of interpretive opinions, outlining nine theories that defend the substitute theory, and then examines the criticisms of this interpretation from the perspective of Muslim commentators. The article also evaluates narrative evidence, assessing both Sunni and Shiite narrations. The findings show that the popular view lacks prophetic narrative support in Sunni sources, and the Shiite narrations are weak and unreliable, both in terms of their chain of transmission and especially their content. Furthermore, the interpretive evidence also faces semantic issues and theological criticisms. In contrast, other interpretive evidence and indications strengthen the alternative view

Keywords

• "crucifixion"
• "substitute theory for crucifixion of Jesus"
• "verse 157 al-Nisa"
• "Narrative on Jesus not being killed"

Main Subjects

• Interpretation